Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming research and innovation, and technology transfer offices (TTOs) are emerging as a key factor in ensuring its responsible application. To explore how AI is being adopted in knowledge valorisation, CESAER conducted a survey across its membership and convened discussions among Members, experts and partners. This report presents the main findings and lessons, offering insights into current practices, barriers, ethical considerations and future needs.

The survey revealed that adoption is still at an early stage. Just under half of the respondents reported using AI tools, mainly for document drafting and patent analytics, while the remainder are not yet applying AI but are actively exploring possibilities. Despite this cautious start, TTOs see significant potential for AI to support patent and prior art analysis, streamline contract checks, improve partner matching and strengthen communication with stakeholders.

At the same time, respondents highlighted important challenges. Chief among these is the lack of expertise and funding to experiment with AI, concerns about data protection and intellectual property leakage, and limited access to trusted tools based in Europe and tailored to TTO needs. Ethical concerns are widely shared, particularly regarding bias, explainability and accountability in automated processes.

To overcome these barriers, TTOs identified several priority needs: training to build AI literacy, access to reliable tools and platforms, opportunities to exchange experiences with peers, and funding to support pilots and capacity building. Some also called for shared infrastructures such as regulatory sandboxes to enable safe experimentation across institutions.

Discussions among Members and partners confirmed these findings and added valuable case examples. Experiences from Paris, Vienna and elsewhere illustrate both the promise and pitfalls of AI adoption in TTOs. Across the board, participants agreed that AI can enhance workflows and expand opportunities for knowledge valorisation, but it must be embedded responsibly, with safeguards for trust and transparency.

Taken together, the survey and discussions suggest a sector in transition: cautious but curious, motivated by opportunities, yet acutely aware of the risks. The next step is to ensure that TTOs are supported to experiment safely, learn collectively and contribute to shaping responsible AI adoption in research and innovation.

The report is available here for download and dissemination (PDF).